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mean_excess() is the empirical mean-excess function e(u) = E[X - u | X > u] at each threshold (linear above a threshold where a generalized Pareto fits); hill_estimator() gives Hill estimates of the tail index xi (1 / alpha) from the k largest values. Both help choose a threshold for pot_tail().

Usage

mean_excess(x, thresholds)

hill_estimator(x, k)

Arguments

x

Numeric vector of losses or draws.

thresholds

Thresholds.

k

Numbers of top values to use.

Value

mean_excess(): a data frame with threshold, mean_excess (NaN where no value exceeds it) and n_above. hill_estimator(): a numeric vector, one estimate per k.

Examples

mean_excess(c(1, 2, 3, 4), 2)
#>   threshold mean_excess n_above
#> 1         2         1.5       2
x <- (1 - (seq_len(2000) - 0.5) / 2000)^-0.5
hill_estimator(x, c(100, 200))
#> [1] 0.5007630 0.5003825